Nizeye ko Assad azabiryozwa – Umubyeyi wiciwe umuhungu bigakongeza impinduramatwara muri Syria mu 2011

Niba inkundura yo guhirika Bashar al-Assad hari ahantu yavukiye, ni i Deraa, umujyi muto wo muri Syria uri hafi y’umupaka iki gihugu gihana na Yorudaniya (Jordan).

Hano, ku itariki ya 21 Gicurasi (5) mu mwaka wa 2011, umurambo washangutse ndetse wakorewe iyicarubozo wa Hamza al-Khatib, wari ufite imyaka 13, wagejejwe ku muryango we, nyuma y’ibyumweru byari bishize atawe muri yombi ubwo yari ari muri mitingi (mu nama) yo kwamagana ubutegetsi.

Urupfu rwe, n’iyicarubozo ryakorewe izindi ngimbi zo muri ako gace kubera kwandika inyandiko n’ibishushanyo byamagana Assad, byateje imyigaragambyo yabereye henshi mu gihugu, no kuyihashya gukaze kwakozwe n’ingabo za leta.

Niba hari umuntu n’umwe ukwiye kuba yishimiye ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi bwa Assad, ni umuryango wa Khatib.

Ariko ubwo twabasuraga ku wa kabiri, nta muntu n’umwe wari urimo kubyishimira muri urwo rugo.

Bari bamaze kohererezwa amafoto yafatiwe ku nyandiko (amwe azwi nka ‘screenshots’) zasanzwe muri gereza yanditse izina ribi ya Saydnaya, zemeza ko mukuru wa Hamza witwa Omar – na we watawe muri yombi na polisi mu mwaka wa 2019 – yapfiriye muri gereza.

Samira, nyina w’abo bahungu, wari urimo gutitira kubera agahinda, yambwiye ko yari amaze igihe ategereje ko Omar asohoka muri gereza.

Yagize ati: “Nari ndimo gutekereza ko wenda azaza uyu munsi cyangwa ejo. Uyu munsi ni bwo namenye amakuru.”

Mu myambaro y’umukara yose, ndetse asanzwe ari no mu gahinda ko gupfusha umugabo we, wapfuye mu mezi atageze kuri atatu ashize, yasabye ko uwahoze ari Perezida Bashar al-Assad na we ubwe anyura mu byo na we yabayemo.

Yagize ati: “Nizeye ko azabiryozwa.”

“Ndetse ko Imana izamwihoreraho, no ku bana be.”

Umwisengeneza we, Hossam al-Khatib, yavuze ko izo nyandiko zari zatangajwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, zitangajwe n’abantu bari bajagajaze gereza ya Saydnaya bashakisha amakuru ya benewabo. Bahasanze dosiye ya Omar, bayitangaza ku mbuga za internet, babizi ko yari umuvandimwe wa Hamza.

Ihirikwa rya Assad ryahishuye amabanga mabi y’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo y’ikandamiza muri Syria, ndetse benshi mu batuye i Deraa bari biraye mu mihanda ku cyumweru, ubwisanzure bwabarenze, mu gihe inyeshyamba zafataga umurwa mukuru Damascus na Assad agahunga igihugu.

Videwo yafatiwe kuri telefone igendanwa igaragaza imbaga y’abagabo birukanka rwagati mu mujyi wa Deraa mu kavuyo basabwe n’ibyishimo – bavugira hejuru ndetse barasa mu kirere.

Aka gace kari ahantu h’ingenzi cyane h’indiri y’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwa Assad – imirwano ikaze yabereye mu mashuri no mu ngo za hano, icyaro ku kindi gishegeshwa n’ibisasu byaraswaga n’ibifaru hamwe n’amasasu y’imbunda zirasa umusubirizo za ‘machine guns’ (cyangwa ‘mitrailleuses’).

Abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bo muri iki gice cy’amajyepfo ya Syria batandukanye n’ihuriro riyobowe n’umutwe wa Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) w’intagondwa zigendera ku mahame akaze ya Isilamu, mu cyumweru gishize ryafashe umurwa mukuru riturutse mu majyaruguru. Ariko izo mpande zombi zerekeje mu murwa mukuru ku cyumweru.

Umutwe wa Free Syria Army (FSA) watangiye kurwana hano mu mwaka wa 2011, ubwo leta yatangiraga guhashya bikomeye abatavuga rumwe na yo, nyuma y’urupfu rwa Hamza, bigatuma bamwe mu basirikare bakuru bo mu ngabo za Assad batoroka igisirikare bagashinga umutwe w’inyeshyamba.

Umwe muri bo yari Ahmed al-Awda, umusizi wize ubuvanganzo bw’Icyongereza muri kaminuza, nyuma akaba umusirikare mukuru, akaza no kuba umukuru w’inyeshyamba – ubu ni umukuru w’umutwe witwaje intwaro w’intara ya Deraa.

Aho twari turi mu mujyi wa Busra uri hafi aho, yarambwiye ati: “Ntushobora kwiyumvisha ukuntu twishimye. Tumaze iminsi turira [kubera ibyishimo]. Ntushobora kwiyumvisha ukuntu turimo kwiyumva. Buri wese hano muri Syria yatakaje [yapfushije] umuryango. Buri wese yari ababaye.”

Awda yavuze ko ari umwe mu ba mbere binjiye muri Damascus ku cyumweru, hamwe n’umutwe wa HTS. Yongeyeho ko ikintu cya mbere yakoze kwari ukujya kuri za ambasade n’inyubako za leta, kurinda abantu barimo imbere.

Yagize ati: “Twajyanye abasivile benshi bo muri leta muri hoteli Four Seasons, nuko tuhashyira abarwanyi benshi cyane bo kubarinda.”

“Urabizi ko byari kuba bibi cyane, rero nakoze uko nshoboye kose mu kurinda buri wese wari uriyo, ndetse n’abantu bo muri leta. Sinshaka kubahana, ni Abanya-Syria [na bo].”

Ariko avuga ko atazababarira Assad mu buryo bworoshye cyane.

“Nzakora uko nshoboye kose kugira ngo aburanishwe mu rukiko, abone igihano cye, kuko ntituzibagirwa ibyo yakoreye Abanya-Syria, n’ukuntu yashenye Syria.”

Ihirikwa rya Assad ryatumye habaho ubumwe bworoshye hagati y’imitwe myinshi y’abatavuga rumwe na we, no muri Syria muri rusange. Ariko ntibagifite umwanzi bahuriyeho, ndetse no mu gihe ibihugu bikomeye bigifite ababihagarariye hano, ibyo batabona kimwe bishobora guteza ibibazo.

Hari impungenge ko Syria ishobora gukurikira inzira ya Iraq na Libya, ikabamo akajagari.

Awda yagize ati: “Twabonye ibyabaye muri Iraq kandi turabyanze.”

Ingabo za Assad si zo zonyine yarwanaga na zo hano muri iyi myaka micye ishize. Amatsinda y’umutwe wiyita leta ya kisilamu (IS) – akinyanyagiye mu burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu – na yo yari ateje inkeke.

Awda avuga ko yarwanye na yo, mu myaka ibiri ishize yica umutegetsi wo hejuru wa IS, Abu Ibrahim al-Qurayshi.

None ubu, mu gihe Irani n’Uburusiya, ibihugu bikomeye byari bishyigikiye Assad, bitacyotsa igitutu umutwe wa IS, hari benshi hano bahangayitse ko uwo mutwe ushobora kongera ibikorwa byawo.

Awda atsimbaraye ku kuba ibyo bitazabaho. Ati: “Oya. Narabirukanye. Ntitwirukanye Assad ngo hanyuma dusigare dutegetswe na IS.”

Ubu arashaka ko habaho amatora akozwe mu bwisanzure. Yemeza ko Abanya-Syria batazongera na rimwe guhitamo umuntu n’umwe uzahinduka umunyagitugu.

Mu irimbi ry’i Deraa, icyapa cyo ku mva ya Hamza cyarajanjaguritse – umuryango we wavuze ko cyamenwe n’igisasu cyarashwe n’igifaru cy’ingabo za leta ubwo zarwanaga n’inyeshyamba hano.

Umwe muri babyara be yagize ati: “Bakomeje kumukubita n’igihe yari yarapfuye.”

Bucece, abaturanyi barebye ukuntu ibendera ry’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi muri Syria ryari ririmo gushyirwa ku ibuye ry’urwibutso ryo ku mva ya Hamza.

Inyuma yayo, imva zibara inkuru y’imyaka 13 y’imirwano: igitero cyo mu kirere, urugamba, umuryango wose wiciwe mu rugo rwawo.

Intambara na Assad irarangiye – ariko amahoro muri Syria ntaragerwaho.