USA: N’ubwo Trump agenzura leta yose ariko ntibizatuma buri gihe akora icyo yishakiye
Mu ijoro ryo ku munsi w’amatora, Donald Trump yasubiyemo intero igira iti: “Imvugo ni yo ngiro.”
Ubu, abarepubulikani bamaze kwegukana ku mugaragaro ubuyobozi bw’inteko ishingamategeko ndetse “imvugo” (“ibyo yasezeranyije”) ye iroroshye cyane kurushaho kuyishyira mu ngiro.
Mu mvugo ya politike ya hano i Washington, byitwa “intsinzi eshatu z’ubutegetsi”, iyo ishyaka rya perezida rinagenzura imitwe yombi y’inteko ishingamategeko ni ukuvuga umutwe w’abadepite n’umutwe wa sena.
Ubwo bugenzuzi ubu ni bwo ishyaka ry’abarepubulikani rya Donald Trump rifite.
Ubugenzuzi nk’ubwo bw’ishyaka rimwe bwahoze ari ikintu gisanzwe kibaho, ariko mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize ibyo byarushijeho kuba imbonekarimwe ndetse bikamara igihe kigufi cyane. Akenshi, ishyaka riri ku butegetsi ritakaza imyanya iyo habaye amatora y’abagize inteko ishingamategeko yo hagati muri manda aba imyaka ibiri nyuma yaho.
Trump na Joe Biden agiye gusimbura, bombi bagize izo ntsinzi eshatu mu myaka ibiri ya mbere muri White House (ibiro bya perezida w’Amerika), ariko baniboneye ko ubwo bugenzuzi budasobanuye ko byanze bikunze perezida ashobora gukora icyo yishakiye.
Mu myaka ibiri ya mbere ari ku butegetsi, Trump yemeje umushinga w’itegeko yamenyekaniyeho cyane – agabanya imisoro ya za kompanyi (ibigo) iva kuri 35% igera kuri 21%, ndetse agabanya n’imisoro imwe n’imwe ku bantu ku giti cyabo.
Ariko mu gihe bamwe mu bo mu ishyaka rye barwanyaga kugera ku butegetsi bwo hejuru kwe gutunguranye kwo mu mwaka wa 2016, yagowe n’izindi ntego.
Gahunda ye yo gukuraho itegeko rijyanye n’ubuvuzi buciriritse (cyangwa ‘Affordable Care Act’, rinazwi nka ‘Obamacare’) ntiyamukundiye, nyuma yuko senateri wo mu ishyaka rye, John McCain, yanze gutora ashyigikira iyo gahunda.
Yanananiwe guhitisha umushinga w’itegeko rijyanye n’ibikorwa-remezo yari yarasezeranyije.
Mu myaka ibiri ya mbere ari ku butegetsi, igihe abademokarate bagenzuraga umutwe w’abadepite n’umutwe wa sena, Biden yashoboye kwemeza gahunda izwi nk’iyo gutabara Amerika (cyangwa ‘American Rescue plan’), itegeko rijyanye n’ishoramari n’imirimo, ndetse yemeza n’itegeko ku bikoresho byifashishwa mu ikoranabuhanga na siyanse (cyangwa ‘Chips and Science Act’).
Ariko na we byamusabye kugabanya cyane gahunda ze zirimo iz’ishoramari yamamaje nk’izo kongera kubaka ibintu neza (cyangwa ‘Build Back Better’) nyuma yuko umwe mu basenateri bo mu ishyaka rye abyanze.
Imbogamizi ikomeye ku bugenzuzi bwuzuye ku ishyaka iryo ari ryo ryose muri ayo yombi, ni uko imishinga y’amategeko yo muri sena isaba ubwiganze bwa bitatu bya gatanu (3/5), cyangwa amajwi 60, kugira ngo ishobore kurenga inzitizi, ituma abasenateri batinza itegeko babinyujije mu mpaka zitarangira.
Ibyo bisobanuye ko igihe ishyaka rifite ubwiganze bworoheje muri sena, birisaba gutera intambwe rikegera abo mu rindi shyaka bakabyumvikanaho kugira ngo umushinga w’itegeko wemezwe.
No kuri iyi nshuro afite ubwiganze buhagije muri sena, Trump ntazabona ya myanya 60 kamara yatuma atsinda amagerageza y’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwe yo gutinza amategeko.
Ndetse ku wa gatatu, abarepubulikani bo muri sena batoye John Thune nk’umukuru w’ubwiganze bwabo, aho gutora Rick Scott wo muri leta ya Florida, wagaragaraga ko ari we abo mu ruhande rwa Trump bifuzaga cyane. Byabaye ikimenyetso ko bamwe mu bagize inteko ishingamategeko bashobora kuba barimo kongera gushimangira ubwigenge bwabo (Trump ntiyigeze ashyigikira Scott ku mugaragaro).
Nubwo biri uko, intsinzi eshatu, iyo zicunzwe neza, rwose zifungura inzira yo kuba imishinga y’amategeko akomeye ishobora kwemezwa.
Iryo sumbwe (akarusho) ryo mu butegetsi bwa Trump rishobora kuba ingenzi mu gutuma ashobora kugera ku bikomeye yasezeranyije, nko kwirukana abamikura ba mbere benshi mu mateka y’Amerika, imisoro myinshi ku bicuruzwa byinjira muri Amerika, no kugabanya ibijyanye no kurinda ibidukikije.
Gukoresha amategeko mu kugera kuri izo ntego bizatuma bigorana kurushaho kuburizamo izo gahunda mu nkiko ikintu cyazonze Donald Trump muri manda ye ya mbere ubwo yakoreshaga cyane amategeko amuha ububasha nka perezida (azwi nka ‘executive orders’), yagiye ajuririrwa mu buryo buhoraho ndetse akenshi agakurwaho.
Iyo miterere y’ubucamanza na yo yarahindutse mu buryo bufasha Trump.
Ikintu yagezeho yibukirwaho cyane muri manda ye ya mbere cyabaye gushyira abacamanza batatu bakomeye ku bya kera (nkuko bimeze ku barepubulikani) mu rukiko rw’ikirenga – ashimangira ubwiganze bwa bibiri bya gatatu (2/3) bushobora kuzageza mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo iri imbere.
Yanashyizeho abacamanza barenga 40 mu nkiko z’ubujurire zo ku rwego rwa leta, ahindura byinshi bihengamira kurushaho mu murongo wo gukomera ku bya kera.
Ubwiganze bw’abarepubulikani muri sena bunatanga akarusho k’ingenzi.
Trump azashobora gutuma abo yagennye mu myanya y’ubutegetsi bwe bemezwa mu buryo bworoshye kurushaho, ikintu cyamugoye mu mwaka wa 2017 ubwo kumurwanya kw’imbere mu ishyaka rye ry’abarepubulikani kwari kukiri kwinshi.
Ibi byose biraca amarenga y’imyaka ibiri iri imbere izaba irimo byinshi byo gukora ndetse ishobora kuzaba irimo imihengeri. Ariko, nkuko amateka ya vuba aha abigaragaza, izi ntsinzi eshatu ntizimara igihe kirekire cyane. Ubutegetsi bugiye kujyaho buzashaka kubifatirana bukabibyaza umusaruro.
